After seven days in charge, how is the new UK PM doing? Send your questions to our columnist Polly Toynbee about Andy Burnham and his new government, his policy announcements so far, and what he needs to be doing next. Polly is online answering your questions now.

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senoj1 asks: Do you think Burnham has enough momentum, resilience, and mental capacity to ‘change the rules of the game’, or will the relentless intensity and pressure of being PM dealing with ‘events’ overwhelm him.

Is constitutional change going to be relegated again - the right calling it ‘introspective navel gazing’ - and therefore zero votes or public approval. When I actually think constitutional change is the most important thing - and the cheapest too. Change the rules - make it more collaborative, all parties have to compromise and adapt their policies.

These are the great questions of the moment. I know now the hard way that you can never tell until too late how a PM will turn out: how resilient, how brave, how determined? I thought Gordon Brown would arrive with a fine blue print for doing things differently, for radical change, after he had champed at the bit – and bit Blair – for so long. His first weeks were fine, dealing well with a foot and mouth crisis. But he turned out to lack the backbone to force through things he had hinted at. He really did “save the world” with Alistair Darling in the bank crisis, but by then it was too late to save his reputation. I thought Keir Starmer was a good fit for Labour after the chaos years post-Brexit. He turned out to lack the capacity to explain any direction and purpose. The degree of his unpopularity remains a mystery to me: I hope this isn’t now the fate of every PM in a politician-hating era.

Burnham has started out with the boldest of statements: an end to neo-liberalism, he says, an end to the long 40-year Thatcher hegemony. Really? Quite possibly that era is over, her privatisations now generally seen as a disaster ad he is the one to reverse her depredations.

Burnham has always been a strong supporter of proportional representation: he delighted a rally for it at the last Labour conference with a rousing speech. He has always said it needs to be in the next manifesto. That requires him to set up a national commission to lay out the facts, to persuade voters, already a majority in favour but hardly a high priority. You can rely on the Tories and possibly now Reform, to put up the same dishonest arguments against as they did in the AV and Brexit referendums. Will he invest the political capital in this when so much else is higher up the list of public concerns? One advantage is that it costs nothing, and Lords reform might be a saving.

This would be by far the most lasting legacy, if he can pull it off. If it’s in the manifesto, the right will make it the key electoral issue, a fight to the death for them, never again in power alone. That’s risky. But it must be done. No more empty, loveless landslides on 34% of the vote….

The new breed of camera-equipped streetlights has the potential to fight crime and track down missing persons. Or will it just take Britain one step closer to a surveillance state?

How would you feel if your neighbourhood lamp-posts could recognise your number plate, and also your face? Maybe you wouldn’t mind, given how long we’ve had automatic number plate recognition and CCTV. What about if that lamp-post could power itself through its own solar panels, and perhaps find another use for any extra power generated – that would be good, right? This is what Conflow Power Group (CPG) in Warwickshire claims for its iLamps, the first of their kind in the UK.

What if lamp-posts had the potential to incorporate new AI capability – gait analysis, suspicious behaviours – that you haven’t even heard of? This is what the organisation Big Brother Watch worries about. And what if the home secretary had explicitly said she believed in a “panopticon state” – that is, a state that could watch you at all times (as Shabana Mahmood already has) – and what if she still had a job when the lamp-post eyes got their updates? Or what if the next home secretary was even keener on hyper-surveillance (hard to imagine), and the street apparatus was already in place? What about all the data this would harvest – who would own it?

It’s a bit of a mystery why it takes Odysseus so long to get home if he’s not shacking up with Calypso and others ...

I did not walk into Christopher Nolan’s The Odyssey intending to pick holes. If there was zero sexual chemistry between Odysseus and Circe, who was I to say that’s not how it went in the poem? I was most likely thinking of a feminist retelling (Madeline Miller’s novel Circe), rather than Homer, anyway.

Nevertheless, even allowing for metaphor and whatnot, even factoring in that Circe’s passion for Odysseus is (almost?) definitely a rumination on the double standards of godliness, in which the guy gods are allowed to sleep with whichever mortals they please, but the lady ones are not supposed to (I don’t think?), I am sure something happened.

Holly Dyson’s addiction led to extreme pain, hospital trips and thousands of pounds’ worth of debt. Here is how she recovered

Holly Dyson’s last alcoholic drink was a can of cider to manage her withdrawal symptoms, which she had in her dad’s car on the way to rehab on 2 May 2023. She’d barely eaten in two weeks. Instead, she spent her last few days at home in the north-west of England vomiting blood into the toilet bowl and lying in bed twitching, feeling unbearably nauseous. Her hand hovered over the numbers 999 on her phone, ready to call an ambulance. At 26 years old, Dyson’s body was shutting down.

About a week earlier, a doctor had given her six months to live. For the past few years, her drinking had spiralled out of control. Her liver was “deranged”, the doctor said. To Dyson, it felt like “a bowling ball” – weighing her down so much that she would have to use “two hands to lift my body up out of bed because my liver felt so heavy and swollen.” Her face was also swollen and she was unrecognisable from the sporty young woman she had once been.

Esperanto had always seemed to me like an idealistic movement that had failed. So why was its annual congress so vibrant and full of young people?

• The summer issue of the Long Read magazine is out now. Click here to order

One day, as a 16-year-old in the late 2000s, I received an AOL instant message from my friend Kenyon. He wanted to know whether I had heard of Esperanto, the universal language. Kenyon was several years older than me, and something of a mentor. Like me, he was a musician – he engineered my teenage band’s first record – but unlike me, he had a head full of trivia that made him the confidently nerdy star of any Saturday-night gathering of outcasts. His pitch: Esperanto was invented in the late 19th century by a Polish-Jewish ophthalmologist named LL Zamenhof, who aimed to create a language so irresistibly easy to learn that it would be adopted as a shared second tongue by people the world over. From a position of mutual understanding, world peace would surely follow. Yes, the language had been around for well over 100 years and, yes, universal fellowship had yet to be achieved. But the internet had inaugurated a new era of global connectivity, and users could learn through an abundance of online classes. Perhaps we were on the verge of an Esperanto renaissance. Kenyon had been practising for a few years and was practically flua.

As a typical adolescent, I was in the midst of my own social awakening. I had begun to travel the US playing music, relying on nothing but the hospitality of friends of friends of friends. I was finding communion and what felt like boundless possibility in mass bike rides and sweaty dance parties in derelict churches. I was also dabbling in the world of hitchhiking and freight-train-hopping, visiting new places by exploiting the only slightly off-limits mechanisms of our industrialised society. Goods needed to move, and I could move with them, thanks to the kindness of those who showed me the ropes just because I wanted to learn. Esperanto seemed comparable: another disparate social club with a baked-in rejection of the forces, writ large and ill-defined, that sought to divide us. But even then, its goals felt redundant: the internet had already given me new tools to communicate across distance and difference. Simple as it might be to learn the language, why bother?

Activists under threat from Beijing are facing strange difficulties with UK immigration. Their safety must not be traded for warmer relations with China

• Nathan Law is a pro-democracy activist and former legislator from Hong Kong. He is currently a political refugee in the UK

As authoritarian countries such as Russia, China and Iran are more active in engaging in long-arm strategies to silence their critics in the UK, transnational repression is garnering more attention. It is right that the Metropolitan police and other British law enforcement agencies have specific units and mechanisms to counter it. But it takes more than just confronting this long-distance repression to make political dissidents of these authoritarian countries feel safe in the UK, and the UK government is not living up to expectations.

The threat is real. Members of the Hongkonger community have received threats from the Chinese regime – some have had threatening letters, some people were deepfaked into sexual content, some even had families questioned and arrested back home. With the level of this targeting linked to the deterioration of Hong Kong politics, many have utilised the humanitarian pathway enabled by the previous government to relocate.

An ⁠earthquake ​with ⁠a ⁠preliminary magnitude ​of ‌6.8 ‌struck ‌the country’s Kumamoto prefecture

Kyushu Electric Power said ​48,000 homes had lost power as a result of the latest ​quake, while railway company JR Kyushu said that it had ​suspended services, including its high-speed bullet trains.

Kumamoto airport also shut its runway, as airlines diverted and cancelled flights.

Spanish prime minister also says the fires serve as a reminder to plan for the ‘worsening’ climate emergency

• France and Spain race to contain huge wildfires before fresh heatwave begins

Joe Pinner and Jane Clinton

Tourists caught up in the wildfires spoke to us about their experiences.

“My main memory is how bizarre it was to watch people enjoying holidays on the beach while a major catastrophe was unfolding in full view, not far away. Is this how the world ends?”

Chris Philp says French claims that shots fired near him in the Channel were part of training are ‘not credible’

• Conservative MP accuses French navy of firing shots near him in Channel

It is not just the Russians firing on Brits in the English Channel; Chris Philp, the shadow home secretary, has accused a French warship of firing “warning shots” near him while he was on a boat in the Channel monitoring small boat crossings.

In a post on social media, he says:

On the channel today monitoring illegal migrant crossings … as I was being interviewed by the BBC just now a French warship approached close and fired 17 live rounds behind us. There was no notice or training exercise in place. Felt like warning shots or attempted intimidation

On the crisis in prison places, this has been a long time coming. We did some things, as I said [see 10.11am], it wasn’t enough, and I’m sorry about that.

But I can’t fix the past, but what I can do is come up with solutions for now, and for tomorrow.

This was something which we were doing in government. We had plans to rent prison places, just like Sweden has done with Estonia, so that we didn’t have to just release these sorts of violent criminals early. We could have put them in other countries.

If everybody says ‘no prison near me’, we won’t get these [prison places] built, so this is something the public can help with … We cannot say ‘no’ to every potential site for a prison.

At least 1,500 protest after six men on drug-related charges put in solitary confinement before possible execution

Prisoners at Iran’s largest jail have sewn their lips shut as hundreds of them joined a mass hunger strike amid a surge in executions over drug offences and charges linked to anti-government protests.

The hunger strike, involving at least 1,500 death row prisoners at Ghezel Hesar prison near Tehran, began two weeks ago after six men convicted on drug-related charges were transferred to solitary confinement before their possible execution, according to Iranian rights groups.